History of Surrender in Atlantic City - Bad Business Meets Bad Government
The rules for games in AC are set by the New Jersey Casino Control Commission. The first casino opened in May of 1978. The rules included EARLY surrender, along with s17, das, doa (except BJ or 21) and nr, giving the basic strategy player an EV of about .6% in the 4 and 6 deck games. A dealer with an upcard of Ace or 10 was not permitted to check for BJ until all players finished playing their hands to prevent collusion. Perhaps, that was how surrender became es. Most players did not know basic strategy for es: Surrender 16 (except 8-8) v. 9; surrender 14-16 (incl. 7-7 and 8-8) v. 10 and surrender 5-7 and 12-h17 (incl. 6-6, 7-7 and 8-8) v. A. Either Griffin's "Theory of Blackjack," Uston's "One-Third of a Shoe" or Uston's newsletter was the first to publish it. The casinos did not like the rule and prevailed upon the Commission to remove it 1n 1981, using questionable data in support of its position, without substituting a compensating favorable rule, e.g. late surrender, and w/o the proper procedure. Ken Uston succeeded in having it restored until the Commission repealed it using its emergency powers and the governor signed the "emergency" order.
Later, in the 1980s, the Commission authorized LATE surrender as an optional rule. The Claridge and the Tropicana offered it occasionally, but no casino has offered it in recent years.
Also in 1981, the Commission removed a rule that had required casinos to maintain set percentages of $2 and $5 tables. The $2 is gone and the $5 is almost extinct.